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**About Me** Hi! My name is Helen. I am 13 years old. My family includes, my mom, my dad, and I. I like to eat, sleep, and shop. I like playing soccer. My favorite tv shows are: Pretty Little Liars and Switched at Birth. Thanks for reading. Bye!:)[]

The Law of Conservation of Mass 5 Facts on Antoine Lavoisier (The Father of Modern Chemistry):
 * He studied the nature of combustion
 * He was admitted the the Academy of Sciences in 1758
 * One of his accomplishments was that he discredited the phlogiston theory
 * He was one of the first to introduce effective quantitative methods in the study of chemical reactions
 * He created the Lavoisier's Oxygen Theory when he heated water into gases and then made them water again

Lavoisier proved The Law of Conservation of Mass by showing that the mass of the reactments had to equal the mass of the products. This shows that you can not change the mass of an object.

[|The Law of Conservation of Mass]

Buoyancy and Boats Boats float because of buoyancy. This concept was discovered by the Greek philosopher, Archimedes. If the density of the object is less than the water it displaces, it will float. If the density of the object is greater than the water it displaces, it will float.

Steel boats float even though they are denser than water. A steel boat's hull is made of heavy steel. However, it also contains air and has negligible density. This is why steel boats are able to float. [|Buoyancy Video] The Case of the Forged Documents

The Case

The forged Hitler diaries is one of the worlds most famous crimes. In 1981, an editor of the German //Stern// magazine bought 27 volumes of what he claimed to be Hitler's personal diaries. This idea was from a staff journalist, Gerd Heidemman who said that they could be bought for $2 million. 2 experts authenticated portions of the documents by comparing it to handwriting from other examples from Hitler. However, it was later known that the forger of the diaries, also had written the other writing examples. Rupert Murdoch bought the rights to the diaries and started publication in //The British Sunday Times// on April 23,1983. In may, the West German police started a full-scale forensic analysis of the diaries. The police used chromatography to study the paper and ink and revealed that the paper and ink were both manufactured after Hitler's death. Also, from further ink analysis, it was revealed from measuring the slow evaporation of chloride from the ink that the writing was less than a year old. As it turned out, an experienced forger who earned money by faking Nazi memorabilia, wrote the diaries. He worked with Gerd Heidermman. The two had benefited with suitcases of cash which were given to them by the editor to obtain the diaries. Gerd Heidermman and the forger were both sent to jail.

Process of Chromotopgraphy
Examiners test the paper and the inks used. A sample of paper with ink is taken out of the document using a scalpel or hole punch, then dissolved out of the paper fabric with a solvent. Then, the forensic team separates the components of the inks using another solvent. Components of the ink that are not colored can be seen from an ultraviolet or infra-red light. Comparison can reveal different types of pens. They then compare it to the "recipe" of manufactures to determine the pen type and when something was written. Dried ink may change in time when some component are broken down by light, react with the paper, or evaporate. This could give clues about the age of the document. Environmental conditions of the paper must also be taken into account. Since ink chromatography is destructive to the document, only a small sample is used. Viewing the document under UV and IR an the examination of pen pressures and imprints are used first. Zinc Chloride- Zinc Chloride is a water-soluble chemical compound. It's formula is ZnCl2. It is a white, crystalline, deliquescent, poisonous solid. It is an anhydrous salt. It can be made by reacting hydrogen chloride gas and extremely hot zinc. Zinc Chloride is used in cement and paper-parchment production. Zinc Chloride is also a catalyst and dehydrating agent in laboratories. It can be used as wood perservative, a disenfectant or antiseptic. It is also used in the manufacture of volcanized fiber and soldering fluxes. There are also zinc chloride batteries. The density of zinc chloride is 2.907g/cm3. [|ZincChlorideLink]